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Activated Carbon in Meghalaya

Activated Carbon

Activated Carbon in Meghalaya

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Activated carbon, also known as activated charcoal, is a highly porous form of carbon that has been specially processed to increase its surface area and adsorption capacity. It is produced by treating carbon-rich materials such as coal, coconut shells, wood, or peat at high temperatures in the presence of gases or chemicals to "activate" the surface.

Due to its extremely high surface area (up to 1500 m² per gram) and large network of pores, activated carbon is highly effective at adsorbing impurities, toxins, odors, and organic pollutants from liquids and gases. It is commonly used in water treatment, air purification, food and beverage processing, chemical industries, and medical applications such as poison treatment and gas masks.

Activated carbon is available in different forms, including powdered activated carbon (PAC), granular activated carbon (GAC), and extruded/pelletized carbon, depending on the application.

  1. Powdered Activated Carbon- Powdered Activated Carbon is a fine carbon material with particle sizes typically less than 0.18 mm. It has a very high surface area and fast adsorption rate, making it ideal for removing organic impurities, colour, odor, and taste from water and other liquids. PAC is usually added directly to treatment systems (like water or wastewater treatment plants) for short-contact adsorption processes.
  2. Granular Activated Carbon- Granular Activated Carbon consists of larger carbon particles (typically 0.2–5 mm) with a highly porous structure. Unlike powdered activated carbon, GAC is used in fixed or moving bed filters where water, air, or other fluids pass through it for continuous treatment. It is effective in removing organic compounds, chlorine, odors, and certain heavy metals.
  3. Extruded/Pelletized carbon- Extruded or Pelletized Activated Carbon is produced by combining powdered activated carbon with a binder and extruding it into cylindrical pellets. These pellets are strong, uniform in shape, and have low dust content. Their larger size and mechanical strength make them suitable for gas-phase applications with low-pressure drop and high durability.

  • High Surface Area – Provides extensive adsorption capacity (up to 1500 m²/g).
  • Highly Porous Structure – Contains micro, meso, and macropores for trapping a wide range of contaminants.
  • Strong Adsorption Ability – Efficient in removing organic compounds, odors, colors, and toxins.
  • Versatile Forms – Available as powdered (PAC), granular (GAC), and extruded/pelletized (EAC) to suit different applications.
  • Chemical Stability – Resistant to most acids, bases, and chemicals.
  • Regenerable – Can be thermally or chemically regenerated for reuse.
  • Wide Applications – Used in water and wastewater treatment, air purification, food and beverage processing, pharmaceuticals, and environmental protection.
  • Fast Action (PAC) vs. Long-Term Use (GAC/EAC) – Different forms provide flexibility for short-term dosing or continuous filtration.